Given the fact that many researchers have examined political, economic, commercial, and cultural relations in diverse contexts, this issue emphasizes the security aspect of China’s relations with the Middle East. The issue is structured as follows: the first section discusses China’s perception of the security challenges in the Middle East; the second section examines the frameworks that govern China’s security role in the region; the third section, which is the main section, deals with China’s initiative for security and stability in the Middle East; while the fourth section covers the challenges China faces in carrying out its security responsibilities in the region.